Možnosti a limity radiouhlíkového datování se zaměřením na netypické archeologické vzorky

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  • Jarmila Bíšková Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež, Czech Republic; Ústav archeologie a muzeologie, Filozofická fakulta, Masarykova univerzita, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-0196
  • Veronika Brychová Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3624-2955
  • Peter Demján Archeologický ústav AV ČR, Letenská 123/4, CZ-118 01 Praha, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1589-4727
  • Dagmar Dreslerová Archeologický ústav AV ČR, Letenská 123/4, CZ-118 01 Praha, Czech Republic
  • Alžběta Frank Danielisová Archeologický ústav AV ČR, Letenská 123/4, CZ-118 01 Praha, Czech Republic
  • Kristýna Hošková Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež, Czech Republic; Přírodovědecká fakulta UK, Benátská 433/2, CZ-128 01 Praha, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0728-5147
  • David John Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3359-3212
  • Nikola Koštová Archeologický ústav AV ČR, Letenská 123/4, CZ-118 01 Praha, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8165-8370
  • Petr Limburský Archeologický ústav AV ČR, Letenská 123/4, CZ-118 01 Praha, Czech Republic
  • Mihály Molnár Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Centre, Institute for Nuclear Research, Bem tér 18/C, Debrecen, H-4026, Hungary https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4382-9508
  • Alice Moravcová Archeologický ústav AV ČR, Letenská 123/4, CZ-118 01 Praha; Přírodovědecká fakulta UK, Benátská 433/2, CZ-128 01 Praha, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2263-8411
  • Kateřina Pachnerová Brabcová Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5288-6080
  • Markéta Petrová Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3452-2742
  • Ivo Světlík Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež, Czech Republic
  • Jiří Šneberger Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež; Archeologický ústav AV ČR, Letenská 123/4, CZ-118 01 Praha, Czech Republic; Katedra genetiky a mikrobiologie, Přírodovědecká fakulta, Karlova Univerzita, Viničná 5, Praha 2, CZ-12843, Czech Republic; Západočeské muzeum v Plzni, Kopeckého sady 2, 301 00 Plzeň, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7154-4716
  • Josef Tecl Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež, Czech Republic
  • Vojtěch Valášek Ústav jaderné fyziky AV ČR, Hlavní 130, 250 68 Husinec, CZ-260 68 Řež, Czech Republic; Přírodovědecká fakulta UK, Benátská 433/2, CZ-128 01 Praha, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8676-9288

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35686/AR.2023.4

Klíčová slova:

radiouhlíkové datování, lipidy, spálené kosti, zubní kámen, železo, malta, pylové a fytolitové koncentráty

Abstrakt

Radiouhlíkové datování je etablovanou metodou, která pomáhá určit absolutní stáří archeologických nálezů. Tento tematický přehled prezentuje základní principy radiouhlíkové metody, předpoklady pro výběr vzorků z archeologických situací, způsob zacházení se vzorky před zasláním do radiouhlíkové laboratoře, laboratorní postupy úpravy vzorků, průběh AMS měření a kalibraci výsledků. Dále jsou vysvětleny faktory, které omezují výsledky radiouhlíkového datování, zejména radiouhlíková plata a rezervoárový efekt, a jak lze jejich vliv rozpoznat a případně eliminovat. Hlavním cílem článku je kriticky zhodnonit aplikaci radiouhlíkové metody na méně obvyklé archeologické vzorky (lipidy uchované v pórech keramiky, spálené kosti, zubní kámen, železné předměty a železné strusky, malta, pylové a fytolitové koncentráty vyextrahované ze sedimentů či půd), jejichž datace otevírá nové možnosti pro chronologické ukotvení přírodních i kulturních procesů a událostí v minulosti.

Stažení

Data o stažení nejsou doposud dostupná.

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25-09-2023

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Bíšková, J., Brychová, V., Demján, P., Dreslerová, D., Frank Danielisová, A., Hošková, K., John, D., Koštová, N., Limburský, P., Molnár, M., Moravcová, A., Pachnerová Brabcová, K., Petrová, M., Světlík, I., Šneberger, J., Tecl, J., & Valášek, V. (2023). Možnosti a limity radiouhlíkového datování se zaměřením na netypické archeologické vzorky. Archeologické Rozhledy, 75(1), 40–67. https://doi.org/10.35686/AR.2023.4

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Tematická syntéza

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