Ryolitová mlecí zařízení pod drobnohledem
studium kinematiky nástrojů na základě stop opotřebení
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35686/AR.2023.9Klíčová slova:
mlecí nástroje, surovina, replika, experimentální používání, stopy opotřebení, kinematikaAbstrakt
V minulosti byly mlecí zařízení (drtidla, zrnotěrky) vyráběny z mnoha druhů hornin, mezi něž patřila i porézní vulkanická hornina ryolit obsahující vyrostlice křemene a živce. Dosud nebyly provedeny žádné experimenty zahrnující traseologickou analýzu mlecích zařízení z této horniny, ani těch pocházejících z neolitických nálezových kontextů. V tomto článku proto představujeme experimentální program, jehož cílem bylo sledovat vývoj opotřebení ryolitových replik mlecích zařízení při mletí pšenice jednozrnky (Triticum monococcum). Pro ověření experimentů byly jako případová studie použity čtyři ryolitové mlecí kameny nalezené na neolitické lokalitě Vchynice, výsledky experimentů lze však využít pro studium těchto důležitých artefaktů i v jiných geograficko-kulturních oblastech. Experiment přinesl několik důležitých zjištění týkajících se kinematiky nástrojů a jejich vztahu k uživateli – například, že z vývoje stop opotřebení lze rozlišit orientaci nástroje vzhledem k jeho uživateli. Studium archeologického souboru ukázalo, že v neolitu byly pomocí mlecích zařízení zpracovávány i jiné plodiny než pšenice jednozrnka, která byla použita pro uvedený experiment.
Stažení
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