Ontologické obraty v archeologii a studiu materiální kultury: archeologie jako věda o „věcech“

Ladislav Čapek

doi:10.35686/AR.2023.5

Autoři

Ladislav Čapek Katedra archeologie FF ZČU, Sedláčkova 15, CZ-306 14 Plzeň, Czech Republic https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-6921

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35686/AR.2023.5

Klíčová slova:

ontologie věcí, materiální kultura, teorie aktérských sítí, entanglement, symetrická archeologie, nové materialismy, asemblážní myšlení

Abstrakt

Článek seznamuje s objektově-ontologickými teoretickými a epistemologickými přístupy, které jsou diskutované především v západoevropských (anglo-amerických) archeologických vědeckých komunitách. Tyto přístupy mají ambici, alespoň to některé z nich prohlašují, stát se novým teoretickým myšlením a radikálně změnit dosavadní pojetí archeologie, zejména studium hmotné (materiální) kultury. Článek rešeršním způsobem popisuje a hodnotí různé přístupy (teorie aktérských sítí, entanglement, symetrická archeologie, nové materialismy, asemblážní myšlení), které studují relační vztahy mezi lidmi a ne-lidmi a zabývají se „věcmi“ jako sociálními a materiálními předměty s vlastní agenturou. Tam, kde je to možné, jsou přístupy vysvětleny na konkrétních příkladech interpretací archeologických pramenů.

Stažení

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